Darwin

“On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life”. First edition of “the most influential scientific work of the 19th century” (Horblit) and “certainly the most important biological book ever written” (Freeman), in which Darwin explained his concept of evolutionary adaptation through natural selection, which would become the foundation of modern evolutionary theory; 1,250 copies were printed (London: John Murray, 1859).
$300,000